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108th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 1719
To promote enhanced nonproliferation cooperation between the United
States and the Russian Federation and foster various other actions that
will increase the national security of the United States, and for other
purposes.
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IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
April 10, 2003
Mr. Weldon of Pennsylvania (for himself, Mr. Edwards, Mr. McHugh, Mr.
Spratt, Mr. Souder, Mrs. Tauscher, Mr. Shays, Mr. Ortiz, Mr. Leach, Ms.
Corrine Brown of Florida, Mr. Hastings of Florida, Mr. Wilson of South
Carolina, Mr. Bereuter, Mr. Reyes, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Abercrombie, Mr.
Taylor of North Carolina, Mr. Smith of Michigan, Mr. Bartlett of
Maryland, Mr. Stearns, Mr. Hoyer, Mr. Sherwood, Mr. Cox, and Mr. Farr)
introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on
International Relations
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A BILL
To promote enhanced nonproliferation cooperation between the United
States and the Russian Federation and foster various other actions that
will increase the national security of the United States, and for other
purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Nuclear Security
Initiative Act of 2003''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as
follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
TITLE I--NONPROLIFERATION PROGRAM ENHANCEMENTS
Sec. 101. Acceleration and expansion of International Nuclear Materials
Protection and Cooperation program.
Sec. 102. Funding for efforts to close nuclear weapons production
facilities in Russia.
Sec. 103. Funding to improve security at facilities in the former
Soviet Union containing nuclear materials
that could be used in radiological
dispersal devices.
Sec. 104. Enhanced funding for accelerated disposition for highly
enriched uranium.
Sec. 105. Improving measures to track and intercept illicit transfers
of weapons of mass destruction and the
materials and technologies for developing
and producing such weapons.
Sec. 106. Enhanced funding for Russian Transition Initiative.
Sec. 107. Silk Road Initiative.
Sec. 108. NATO Science for Peace program.
TITLE II--ADMINISTRATION AND OVERSIGHT OF THREAT REDUCTION AND
NONPROLIFERATION PROGRAMS
Sec. 201. Analysis of effect on threat reduction and nonproliferation
programs of congressional oversight
measures with respect to such programs.
Sec. 202. Annual report on the use of funds appropriated for threat
reduction and nonproliferation in states of
the former Soviet Union.
Sec. 203. Plan for and coordination of chemical and biological weapons
nonproliferation programs with states of
the former Soviet Union.
TITLE III--UNITED STATES-RUSSIA RELATIONS
Sec. 301. Comprehensive inventories and data exchanges on nuclear
weapons-grade material and nuclear weapons.
Sec. 302. Establishment of Duma-Congress nuclear threat reduction
working group.
Sec. 303. Joint United States/North Atlantic Treaty Organization
cooperation with Russia on theater-level
ballistic missile defenses.
Sec. 304. Encouragement of enhanced collaboration to achieve more
reliable Russian early warning systems.
Sec. 305. Teller-Kurchatov Alliance for Peace.
Sec. 306. Nonproliferation fellowships.
TITLE IV--OTHER
Sec. 401. Promotion of discussions on nuclear and radiological security
and safety between the International Atomic
Energy Agency and the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development.
TITLE I--NONPROLIFERATION PROGRAM ENHANCEMENTS
SEC. 101. ACCELERATION AND EXPANSION OF INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR MATERIALS
PROTECTION AND COOPERATION PROGRAM.
(a) Policy With Respect to Former Soviet Union.--It is the policy
of the United States to seek to cooperate with the Russian Federation
and each other independent state of the former Soviet Union to effect
as quickly as is reasonably practical basic security measures (such as
the replacement of doors, the bricking of or placement of bars in
windows, the clearing of underbrush from facility perimeters, and the
erection of fences) at each facility in the Russian Federation and each
such state that is used for storing nuclear weapons or nuclear
materials and is not yet protected by such measures.
(b) Policy Worldwide.--It is the policy of the United States to
seek to cooperate with all appropriate nations--
(1) to attempt to ensure that all nuclear weapons and
nuclear materials worldwide are secure and accounted for
according to stringent standards; and
(2) to minimize the number of facilities worldwide at which
separated plutonium and highly enriched uranium are present, so
as to achieve the highest and most sustainable levels of
security for such facilities in the most cost-effective manner.
(c) Expansion of Program to Additional Countries Authorized.--(1)
The Secretary of Energy may expand the International Nuclear Materials
Protection and Cooperation program of the Department of Energy to
encompass countries other than the Russian Federation and the other
independent states of the former Soviet Union.
(2) In carrying out such program with respect to countries other
than the Russian Federation and the other independent states of the
former Soviet Union, the Secretary of Energy may provide such funds as
are needed to remove nuclear materials from potentially vulnerable
facilities, including funds to cover the costs of--
(A) transporting such materials from those facilities to
secure facilities;
(B) purchasing such materials;
(C) converting those facilities to a use that no longer
requires nuclear materials; and
(D) providing incentives to facilitate the removal of such
materials from such facilities.
(3)(A) In carrying out such program with respect to countries other
than the Russian Federation and the other independent states of the
former Soviet Union, the Secretary of Energy may provide technical
assistance to the Secretary of State in the efforts of the Secretary of
State to assist such countries to review and improve their security
programs with respect to nuclear weapons and nuclear materials.
(B) The technical assistance provided under subparagraph (A) may,
where consistent with the treaty obligations of the United States,
include the sharing of technology or methodologies to the countries
referred to in that subparagraph. Any such sharing shall take into
account the sovereignty of the country concerned and the nuclear
weapons programs of such country, as well as the sensitivity of any
information involved regarding United States nuclear weapons or nuclear
weapons systems.
(C) The Secretary of Energy may include the Russian Federation in
activities under this paragraph if the Secretary determines that the
experience of the Russian Federation under the International Nuclear
Materials Protection and Cooperation program would make the
participation of the Russian Federation in those activities useful in
providing technical assistance under subparagraph (A).
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 2005, in addition to any sums
otherwise authorized to be appropriated, to the Department of Energy
for the International Nuclear Materials Protection and Cooperation
program a total of $40,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out the
policies specified in subsections (a) and (b) and the expansion of the
program authorized by subsection (c).
SEC. 102. FUNDING FOR EFFORTS TO CLOSE NUCLEAR WEAPONS PRODUCTION
FACILITIES IN RUSSIA.
(a) Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to seek to
cooperate with the Russian Federation to accelerate, to the maximum
extent feasible, the closure of facilities in the Russian Federation
used for the production of nuclear weapons.
(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 2005, in addition to any sums
otherwise authorized to be appropriated, to the Department of Energy
for the Russian Transition Initiatives program a total of $35,000,000
for the purpose of carrying out the policy specified in subsection (a).
SEC. 103. FUNDING TO IMPROVE SECURITY AT FACILITIES IN THE FORMER
SOVIET UNION CONTAINING NUCLEAR MATERIALS THAT COULD BE
USED IN RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICES.
(a) Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to seek to
cooperate with the Russian Federation and each other independent state
of the former Soviet Union to improve the security at facilities, in
the Russian Federation and each such state, that contain radioactive
materials that could be used in radiological dispersal devices.
(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 2005, in addition to any sums
otherwise authorized to be appropriated, to the Department of Energy
for the National Nuclear Security Administration a total of $60,000,000
for the purpose of carrying out the policy specified in subsection (a).
SEC. 104. ENHANCED FUNDING FOR ACCELERATED DISPOSITION FOR HIGHLY
ENRICHED URANIUM.
There is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and
2005, in addition to any sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated,
to the Department of Energy for the National Nuclear Security
Administration a total of $40,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out
section 3157 of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 107-314; 22 U.S.C. 5952 note), to remain
available until expended.
SEC. 105. IMPROVING MEASURES TO TRACK AND INTERCEPT ILLICIT TRANSFERS
OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION AND THE MATERIALS AND
TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING AND PRODUCING SUCH WEAPONS.
(a) Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to seek to--
(1) cooperate with the Russian Federation and each other
independent state of the former Soviet Union to improve border
controls and other measures to track and intercept illicit
transfers of weapons of mass destruction and the materials and
technologies for developing and producing such weapons; and
(2) work with international partners to install, at
critical international ports, appropriate devices to detect and
intercept illicit transfers of weapons of mass destruction that
are nuclear or radiological in nature and the materials and
technologies for developing and producing such weapons.
(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 2005, in addition to any sums
otherwise authorized to be appropriated, to the Department of Energy
for the International Nuclear Materials Protection and Cooperation
program a total of $60,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out the
policy specified in subsection (a) with respect to weapons of mass
destruction that are nuclear or radiological in nature.
SEC. 106. ENHANCED FUNDING FOR RUSSIAN TRANSITION INITIATIVE.
(a) Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to prevent the
proliferation, from the Russian Federation and the other independent
states of the former Soviet Union to countries of proliferation
concern, of scientists, engineers, and technicians possessing the
expertise to develop and produce weapons of mass destruction.
(b) Findings Regarding the Former IPP Program and Nuclear Cities
Initiative Program.--Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention program
(hereinafter in this section referred to as ``IPP'') has been a
very successful nonproliferation program.
(2) Through cost-sharing partnerships between companies in
the United States and scientists employed at nuclear,
biological, and chemical weapons facilities in the independent
states of the former Soviet Union, IPP has supported the
creation of sustainable commercial jobs that reduce incentives
for the proliferation, to countries of proliferation concern,
of expertise to develop and produce weapons of mass
destruction.
(3) More than 125 companies, actively engaged in the part
of the Russian Transition Initiative program that derives from
IPP, are developing high-technology commercial products and
creating new jobs in the United States and the independent
states of the former Soviet Union.
(4) The Nuclear Cities Initiative has also been successful
in helping to prevent the proliferation of scientists and
others with weapons expertise from the Russian Federation and
other independent states of the former Soviet Union.
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 2005, in addition to any sums
otherwise appropriated, to the Department of Energy for the Russian
Transition Initiative program a total of $60,000,000 for the purpose of
carrying out the policy specified in subsection (a) in a manner
consistent with the practices described in subsection (b).
SEC. 107. SILK ROAD INITIATIVE.
(a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
(1) a number of independent states of the former Soviet
Union have been helpful to the United States in the war on
terrorism; and
(2) these states are new and struggling democracies and
would benefit considerably from assistance to create
sustainable jobs for their underemployed or unemployed
scientists, engineers, and technicians who were formerly
engaged in activities to develop and produce weapons of mass
destruction for the Russian Federation or another independent
state of the former Soviet Union.
(b) Policies.--(1) It is the policy of the United States to seek to
establish and promote programs to prevent the proliferation, from
scientists, engineers, and technicians of the Russian Federation and
other independent states of the former Soviet Union to countries of
proliferation concern, of expertise to develop and produce weapons of
mass destruction.
(2) It is also the policy of the United States to seek to assist
independent states of the former Soviet Union that have been helpful to
the United States in the war on terrorism so as to promote the creation
of jobs that foster economic stability and democracy.
(c) Program Required.--(1) The Secretary of Energy shall carry out
a program, to be known as the Silk Road Initiative, to develop
sustainable employment opportunities in the United States and in Silk
Road nations for scientists, engineers, and technicians formerly
engaged in activities to develop and produce weapons of mass
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