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106th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. R. 4002
_______________________________________________________________________
AN ACT
To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to revise and improve
provisions relating to famine prevention and freedom from hunger.
106th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. R. 4002
_______________________________________________________________________
AN ACT
To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to revise and improve
provisions relating to famine prevention and freedom from hunger.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Famine Prevention and Freedom From
Hunger Improvement Act of 2000''.
SEC. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS.
(a) Declarations of Policy.--(1) The first sentence of section
296(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is
amended to read as follows: ``The Congress declares that, in order to
achieve the mutual goals among nations of ensuring food security, human
health, agricultural growth, trade expansion, and the wise and
sustainable use of natural resources, the United States should mobilize
the capacities of the United States land-grant universities, other
eligible universities, and public and private partners of universities
in the United States and other countries, consistent with sections 103
and 103A of this Act, for: (1) global research on problems affecting
food, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; (2) improved human capacity
and institutional resource development for the global application of
agricultural and related environmental sciences; (3) agricultural
development and trade research and extension services in the United
States and other countries to support the entry of rural industries
into world markets; and (4) providing for the application of
agricultural sciences to solving food, health, nutrition, rural income,
and environmental problems, especially such problems in low-income,
food deficit countries.''.
(2) The second sentence of section 296(a) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is amended--
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``in this country'' and
inserting ``with and through the private sector in this country
and to understanding processes of economic development'';
(B) in paragraph (2), to read as follows:
``(2) that land-grant and other universities in the United
States have demonstrated over many years their ability to
cooperate with international agencies, educational and research
institutions in other countries, the private sector, and
nongovernmental organizations worldwide, in expanding global
agricultural production, processing, business and trade, to the
benefit of the United States and other countries;'';
(C) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:
``(3) that, in a world of growing populations with rising
expectations, increased food production and improved
distribution, storage, and marketing in the developing
countries is necessary not only to prevent hunger and ensure
human health and child survival, but to build the basis for
economic growth and trade, and the social security in which
democracy and a market economy can thrive, and moreover, that
the greatest potential for increasing world food supplies and
incomes to purchase food are in the developing countries where
the gap between food need and food supply is the greatest and
current incomes are lowest;'';
(D) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:
``(4) that the engagement of United States universities in
agricultural development in other countries strengthens the
competitiveness of United States agriculture and other
industries by training future foreign partners and by
introducing global perspectives into United States curriculum,
research, public information services, and other extension
programs of the universities;'';
(E) by striking paragraphs (5) and (7), redesignating
paragraph (6) as paragraph (7), and inserting the following:
``(5) with expanding global markets and increasing imports
into many countries, including the United States, that food
safety and quality, as well as secure supply, have emerged as
mutual concerns of all countries;
``(6) that research, teaching, and extension activities,
and appropriate institutional and policy development therefore
are prime factors in improving agricultural production, food
distribution, processing, storage, and marketing abroad (as
well as in the United States);'';
(F) in paragraph (7) (as redesignated), by striking ``in
the United States'' and inserting ``and the broader economy of
the United States''; and
(G) by adding at the end the following:
``(8) that there is a need to preserve and protect the
world's natural resources for sustained productivity and health
and to take steps to mitigate adverse aspects of climate change
which confront agriculture and other natural resource-based
industries with new scientific, technological, and management
challenges; and
``(9) that universities and public and private partners of
universities need a dependable source of Federal funding not
requiring State matching funds, as well as Federal and State
matched funding, and other financing, in order to increase the
impact of their own investments and those of their State
governments and constituencies, in order to continue and expand
their effort to advance agricultural development in cooperating
countries, to translate development into economic growth and
trade for the United States and cooperating countries, and to
prepare future teachers, researchers, extension specialists,
entrepreneurs, managers, and decisionmakers for the world
economy.''.
(b) Additional Declarations of Policy.--Section 296(b) of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(b)) is amended to read
as follows:
``(b) Accordingly, the Congress declares that, in order to prevent
famine and establish freedom from hunger, the following components must
be brought together in a coordinated program to increase world food and
fiber production, agricultural trade, and responsible management of
natural resources, including--
``(1) continued efforts by the international agricultural
research centers and other international research entities to
provide a global network, including United States universities,
for international scientific collaboration on crops, livestock,
forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food systems of
worldwide importance;
``(2) contract research and the implementation of
collaborative research support programs and other research
collaboration led by United States universities, and involving
research systems in other countries focused on crops,
livestock, forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food
systems, with benefits to the United States and partner
countries;
``(3) transformation of the benefits of global agricultural
research and development into increased benefits for United
States agriculturally related industries through establishment
of development and trade information and service centers, for
rural as well as urban communities, through extension,
cooperatively with, and supportive of, existing public and
private trade and development related organizations;
``(4) facilitation of participation by universities and
public and private partners of universities in programs of
multilateral banks and agencies which receive United States
funds by means which may include additional complementary funds
restricted to the use of United States universities and public
and private partners of universities;
``(5) expanding learning opportunities about global
agriculture for students, teachers, community leaders,
entrepreneurs, and the general public through international
internships and exchanges, graduate assistantships, faculty
positions, and other means of education and extension through
long-term recurring Federal funds matched by State funds; and
``(6) competitive grants through universities to United
States agriculturalists and public and private partners of
universities from other countries for research, institution and
policy development, extension, training, and other programs for
global agricultural development, trade, and responsible
management of natural resources.''.
(c) Sense of the Congress.--Section 296(c) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(c)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``each component'' and
inserting ``each of the program components described in
paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b)'';
(2) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by inserting ``and public and private partners
of universities'' after ``for the universities''; and
(B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
(3) in paragraph (3)--
(A) by inserting ``and public and private partners
of universities'' after ``such universities'';
(B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``, and'' and
inserting a semicolon;
(C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the comma at
the end and inserting a semicolon;
(D) by striking the matter following subparagraph
(B); and
(E) by adding at the end the following:
``(C) multilateral banks and agencies receiving
United States funds;
``(D) development agencies of other countries; and
``(E) United States Government foreign assistance
and economic cooperation programs; and''; and
(4) by adding at the end the following:
``(4) generally engage the United States university
community more extensively in the agricultural research, trade,
and development initiatives undertaken outside the United
States, with the objectives of strengthening its capacity to
carry out research, teaching, and extension activities for
solving problems in food production, processing, marketing, and
consumption in agriculturally developing nations, and for
transforming progress in global agricultural research and
development into economic growth, trade, and trade benefits for
United States communities and industries, and for the provident
use of natural resources; and
``(5) ensure that all federally funded support to
universities and public and private partners of universities
relating to the goals of this title is periodically reviewed
for its performance.''.
(d) Definition of Universities.--Section 296(d) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(d)) is amended--
(1) by inserting after ``sea-grant colleges;'' the
following: ``Native American land-grant colleges as authorized
under the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994
(7 U.S.C. 301 note);''; and
(2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``extension'' and
inserting ``extension (including outreach)''.
(e) Definition of Administrator.--Section 296(e) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(e)) is amended by inserting
``United States'' before ``Agency''.
(f) Definition of Public and Private Partners of Universities.--
Section 296 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(f) As used in this title, the term `public and private partners
of universities' includes entities that have cooperative or contractual
agreements with universities, which may include university beneficiary
groups, other education institutions, United States Government and
State agencies, private voluntary organizations, nongovernmental
organizations, firms operated for profit, nonprofit organizations,
multinational banks, and, as designated by the Administrator, any
organization, institution, or agency incorporated in other
countries.''.
(g) Definition of Agriculture.--Section 296 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the
end the following:
``(g) As used in this title, the term `agriculture' includes the
science and practice of activity related to food, feed, and fiber
production, processing, marketing, distribution, utilization, and
trade, and also includes family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food
science and engineering, agricultural economics and other social
sciences, forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture,
veterinary medicine, and other environmental and natural resources
sciences.''.
(h) Definition of Agriculturists.--Section 296 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the
end the following:
``(h) As used in this title, the term `agriculturists' includes
farmers, herders, and livestock producers, individuals who fish and
others employed in cultivating and harvesting food resources from salt
and fresh waters, individuals who cultivate trees and shrubs and
harvest nontimber forest products, as well as the processors, managers,
teachers, extension specialists, researchers, policymakers, and others
who are engaged in the food, feed, and fiber system and its
relationships to natural resources.''.
SEC. 3. GENERAL AUTHORITY.
(a) Authorization of Assistance.--Section 297(a) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(a)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), to read as follows:
``(1) to implement program components through United States
universities as authorized by paragraphs (2) through (5) of
this subsection;'';
(2) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:
``(3) to provide long-term program support for United
States university global agricultural and related environmental
collaborative research and learning opportunities for students,
teachers, extension specialists, researchers, and the general
public;''; and
(3) in paragraph (4)--
(A) by inserting ``United States'' before
``universities'';
(B) by inserting ``agricultural'' before ``research
centers''; and
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