[Jun. '98 Interim Cong. Dir.] INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ...

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                                JUDICIARY

                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

                One First Street NE 20543, phone 479-3000

    WILLIAM HUBBS REHNQUIST, Chief Justice of the United States; born in 
Milwaukee, WI, October 1, 1924; son of William Benjamin and Margery Peck 
Rehnquist; married to Natalie Cornell of San Diego, CA; children: James, 
Janet, and Nancy, member of Faith Lutheran Church, Arlington, VA; served 
in the U.S. Army Air Corps in this country and overseas from 1943-46; 
discharged with the rank of sergeant; Stanford University, B.A., M.A., 
1948; Harvard University, M.A., 1950; Stanford University, LL.B., 1952, 
ranking first in class; Order of the Coif; member of the Board of 
Editors of the Stanford Law Review; law clerk for Justice Robert H. 
Jackson, Supreme Court of the United States, 1952-53; private practice 
of law, Phoenix, AZ, 1953-69; engaged in a general practice of law with 
primary emphasis on civil litigation; appointed Assistant Attorney 
General, Office of Legal Counsel, by President Nixon in January 1969; 
nominated Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by 
President Nixon on October 21, 1971, confirmed December 10, 1971, sworn 
in on January 7, 1972; nominated by President Reagan as Chief Justice of 
the United States on June 17, 1986; sworn in on September 26, 1986.

    JOHN PAUL STEVENS, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; born in Chicago, IL, April 20, 1920; son of Ernest James 
and Elizabeth Street Stevens; A.B., University of Chicago, 1941, Phi 
Beta Kappa, Psi Upsilon; J.D. (magna cum laude), Northwestern 
University, 1947, Order of the Coif, Phi Delta Phi, co-editor, Illinois 
Law Review; married to Maryan Mulholland; children: John Joseph, Kathryn 
Jedlicka, Elizabeth Jane Sesemann, and Susan Roberta Mullen; entered 
active duty U.S. Navy in 1942, released as Lt. Commander in 1945 after 
WW II service, Bronz Star; law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Wiley 
Rutledge, 1947-48; admitted to Illinois bar, 1949; practiced law in 
Chicago, Poppenhusen, Johnston, Thompson and Raymond, 1949-52; associate 
counsel, Subcommittee on the Study of Monopoly Power, Judiciary 
Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1951-52; partner, 
Rothschild, Stevens, Barry and Myers, Chicago, 1952-70; member of the 
Attorney General's National Committee to Study Antitrust Laws, 1953-55; 
lecturer in Antitrust Law, Northwestern University School of Law, 1950-
54, and University of Chicago Law School, 1955-58; chief counsel, 
Illinois Supreme Court Special Commission to Investigate Integrity of 
the Judgment of People v. Isaacs, 1969; appointed U.S. Circuit Judge for 
the Seventh Circuit, October 14, 1970, entering on duty November 2, 
1970, and serving until becoming an Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court; nominated to the Supreme Court December 1, 1975, by President 
Ford; confirmed by the Senate December 17, 1975; sworn in on December 
19, 1975.

    SANDRA DAY O'CONNOR, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; born in El Paso, TX, March 26, 1930; daughter of Harry A. 
and Ada Mae Wilkey Day; A.B. (with great distinction), Stanford 
University, 1950; LL.B., Stanford Law School, 1952; Order of the Coif, 
Board of Editors, Stanford Law Review; married to John Jay O'Connor III, 
1952; children: Scott, Brian, and Jay; deputy county attorney, San Mateo 
County, CA, 1952-53; civilian attorney for Quartermaster Market Center, 
Frankfurt, Germany, 1954-57; private practice of law in Maryvale, AZ, 
1958-60; assistant attorney general, Arizona, 1965-69; elected to the 
Arizona State senate, 1969-75; senate majority leader, 1974 and 1975; 
chairman of the State, County, and Municipal Affairs Committee in 1972 
and 1973; also served on the Legislative Council, on the Probate Code 
Commission, and on the Arizona Advisory Council on Intergovernmental 
Relations; elected judge of the Maricopa County Superior Court, Phoenix, 
AZ, 1975-79; appointed to the Arizona Court of Appeals by Gov. Bruce 
Babbitt, 1979-81; nominated by President Reagan as Associate Justice of 
the U.S. Supreme Court on July 7, 1981; confirmed by the U.S. Senate on 
September 22, 1981; and sworn in on September 25, 1981; member, National 
Board of Smithsonian Associates, 1981-present; president, board of 
trustees, The Heard Museum, 1968-74, 1976-81; member:


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Salvation Army Advisory Board, 1975-81, board of trustees, Stanford 
University, 1976-81, Board of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1988 to 
present.

    ANTONIN SCALIA, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United 
States; born in Trenton, NJ, March 11, 1936; LL.B., Harvard Law School, 
1960; note editor, Harvard Law Review; Sheldon fellow, Harvard 
University, 1960-61; married to Maureen McCarthy, September 10, 1960; 
children: Ann Forrest; Eugene, John Francis, Catherine Elisabeth, Mary 
Clare, Paul David, Matthew, Christopher James, and Margaret Jane; 
admitted to practice in Ohio (1962) and Virginia (1970); in private 
practice with Jones, Day, Cockley, and Reavis (Cleveland, OH), 1961-67; 
professor of law, University of Virginia Law School, 1967-74 (on leave 
1971-74); general counsel, Office of Telecommunications Policy, 
Executive Office of the President, 1971-72; chairman, Administrative 
Conference of the United States, 1972-74; Assistant Attorney General, 
Office of Legal Counsel, U.S. Department of Justice, 1974-77; scholar in 
residence, American Enterprise Institute, 1977; professor of law, 
University of Chicago, 1977-82; appointed by President Reagan as Circuit 
Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit; 
sworn in on August 17, 1982; appointed by President Reagan as Associate 
Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court; sworn in on September 26, 1986.

    ANTHONY M. KENNEDY, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States, born in Sacramento, CA, July 23, 1936; son of Anthony 
James and Gladys McLeod Kennedy; married to Mary Davis, June 29, 1963; 
children: Justin Anthony, Gregory Davis, and Kristin Marie; Stanford 
University, 1954-57; London School of Economics, 1957-58; B.A., Stanford 
University, 1958; LL.B., Harvard Law School, 1961; associate, Thelen, 
Marrin, Johnson and Bridges, San Francisco, 1961-63; sole practitioner, 
Sacramento, 1963-67; partner, Evans, Jackson and Kennedy, Sacramento, 
1967-75; professor of constitutional law, McGeorge School of Law, 
University of the Pacific, 1965-88; California Army National Guard, 
1961; member: the Judicial Conference of the United States' Advisory 
Panel on Financial Disclosure Reports and Judicial Activities 
(subsequently renamed the Advisory Committee of Codes of Conduct), 1979-
87; Committee on Pacific Territories, 1979-90 (chairman, 1982-90); board 
of the Federal Judicial Center, 1987-88; nominated by President Ford to 
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; sworn in on May 30, 1975; 
nominated by President Reagan as Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme 
Court; sworn in on February 18, 1988.

    DAVID HACKETT SOUTER, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States, born in Melrose, MA, September 17, 1939; son of Joseph 
Alexander and Helen Adams Hackett Souter; Harvard College, A.B., 1961, 
Phi Beta Kappa, selected Rhodes Scholar; Magdalen College, Oxford, 1963, 
A.B. in Jurisprudence, 1989, M.A., 1989; Harvard Law School, LL.B., 
1966; associate, Orr and Reno, Concord, NH, 1966-68; assistant attorney 
general of New Hampshire, 1968-71; Deputy Attorney General of New 
Hampshire, 1971-76; Attorney General of New Hampshire, 1976-78; 
Associate Justice, New Hampshire Superior Court, 1978-83; Associate 
Justice, New Hampshire Supreme Court, 1983-90; member: Maine-New 
Hampshire Interstate Boundary Commission, 1971-75; New Hampshire Police 
Standards and Training Council, 1976-78; New Hampshire Governor's 
Commmission on Crime and Delinquency, 1976-78; 1979-83; New Hampshire 
Judicial Council, 1976-78; Concord Hospital Board of Trustees, 1972-85 
(president, 1978-84); New Hampshire Historical Society, 1968-present, 
(vice-president, 1980-85, trustee, 1976-85); Dartmouth Medical School, 
Board of Overseers, 1981-87; Merrimack County Bar Association, 1966-
present; New Hampshire Bar Association, 1966-present; Honorary Fellow, 
American Bar Foundation; Honorary Fellow, American College of Trial 
Lawyers; Honorary Master of the Bench, Gray's Inn, London; Honorary 
Fellow, Magdalen College, Oxford; Associate, Lowell House, Harvard 
College; nominated by President Bush to U.S. Court of Appeals for the 
First Circuit; took oath May 25, 1990; nominated by President Bush as 
Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court; took oath of office October 
9, 1990.

    CLARENCE THOMAS, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; born in Pin Point, GA (near Savannah), June 23, 1948; son 
of M.C. and Leola Thomas; raised by his grandparents, Myers and 
Christine Anderson; married to Virginia Lamp, May 30, 1987; son Jamal 
Adeen by previous marriage; attended Conception Seminary, 1967-68; A.B. 
(cum laude), Holy Cross College, 1971; J.D., Yale Law School, 1974; 
admitted to practice in Missouri, 1974; assistant attorney general of 
Missouri, 1974-77; attorney in the law department of Monsanto Company, 
1977-79; legislative assistant to Senator John Danforth, 1979-81; 
Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education, 
1981-82; chairman, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 1982-
90; nominated by President Bush to U.S. Court of Appeals for the 
District of Columbia Circuit; took oath March 12, 1990; nominated by 
President Bush as Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court; took the 
constitutional oath on October 18, 1991 and the judicial oath on October 
23, 1991.




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    RUTH BADER GINSBURG, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; born March 15, 1933, Brooklyn, N.Y., the daughter of 
Nathan and Celia Amster Bader; married Martin Ginsburg, 1954; two 
children: Jane C. and James S.; B.A., Phi Beta Kappa, Cornell 
University, 1954; attended Harvard Law School, 1956-58; LL.B., Columbia 
Law School, 1959; law clerk to Edmund L. Palmieri, U.S. District Court, 
Southern District of New York, 1959-61; Columbia Law School Project on 
International Procedure, 1961-62, associate director, 1962-63; 
professor, Rutgers University School of Law, 1963-72; professor, 
Columbia Law School, 1972-80; Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in 
Behavioral Sciences, 1977-78; American Civil Liberties Union, general 
counsel, 1973-80; National Board of Directors, 1974-80; Women's Rights 
Project, founder and Counsel, 1972-80; American Bar Foundation Board of 
Directors, executive committee, secretary, 1979-89; American Bar 
Association Board of Editors, 1972-78; ABA Section on Individual Rights 
and Responsibilities, council member, 1975-81; American Law Institute, 
council member, 1978-93; American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow, 
1982-present; Council on Foreign Relations, 1975-present; nominated by 
President Carter as a Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of 
Columbia Circuit, sworn in on June 30, 1980; nominated Associate Justice 
by President Clinton, June 14, 1993, confirmed by the Senate, August 3, 
1993, and sworn in August 10, 1993.

    STEPHEN G. BREYER, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; born in San Francisco, CA, August 15, 1938; son of Irving 
G. and Anne R. Breyer; married Joanna Hare, 1967, three children: Chloe, 
Nell, and Michael; A.B., Stanford University, 1959; B.A., Oxford 
University, Magdalen College, Marshall Scholar, 1961; LL.B., Harvard Law 
School, 1964; law clerk to Associate Justice Arthur J. Goldberg of the 
Supreme Court of the United States, 1964-65; special assistant to the 
Assistant Attorney General (Antitrust), Department of Justice, 1965-67; 
Assistant Special Prosecutor of the Watergate Special Prosecution Force, 
1973; Special Counsel of the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, 
Subcommittee on Administrative Practices, 1974-75; Chief Counsel of the 
U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, 1979-80; Professor of Law, Harvard Law 
School, 1970-80; (assistant professor, 1967-70; lecturer, 1980-94); 
professor, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 1977-80; 
Nominated by President Carter as a Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the 
First Circuit, sworn in on December 10, 1980; Chief Judge, 1990-94; 
member, U.S. Sentencing Commission, 1985-89; member, Judicial Conference 
of the United States, 1990-94; nominated Associate Justice by President 
Clinton May 13, 1994, confirmed by the Senate July 29, 1994, and sworn 
in on August 3, 1994.

                      Retired Members of the Court

    WILLIAM J. BRENNAN, Jr., Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of 
the United States (retired); born in Newark, NJ, April 25, 1906; son of 
William J. and Agnes (McDermott) Brennan; married to Mary Fowler, 1983; 
previously married to Marjorie Leonard, May 5, 1928 (deceased, 1982); 
children: William J., Hugh Leonard and Nancy; B.S. (with honors), 
Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania, 1928; LL.B., 
Harvard Law School, 1931; associate, Pitney, Hardin and Skinner, Newark, 
NJ, 1931; member, 1937-42, and again 1945-49, firm name Pitney, Hardin, 
Ward and Brennan; major, later colonel, U.S. Army, specializing in 
manpower and personnel work, 1942-45, awarded Legion of Merit; appointed 
by Governor Driscoll, New Jersey Superior Court, 1949, served as 
assignment judge, Hudson County, to 1951; appointed to Appellate 
Division of that court, 1951; appointed by Governor Driscoll, associate 
justice of New Jersey Supreme Court, 1952; appointed as an Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President 
Eisenhower, a recess appointment on October 15, 1956; sworn in on 
October 16, 1956; was nominated by President Eisenhower on January 14, 
1957; the nomination was confirmed by the Senate on March 19, 1957; was 
given a new commission on March 21, 1957, and again took the oaths on 
March 22, 1957; retired on July 20, 1990.

    BYRON RAYMOND WHITE, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; born in Fort Collins, CO, June 8, 1917; son of Alpha 
Albert and Maude Burger White; elementary and high school, Wellington, 
CO; B.A., University of Colorado, 1938; Rhodes scholar, Oxford, England, 
1939; officer, USNR, 1942-46; LL.B., Yale Law School, 1946; married to 
Marion Lloyd Stearns of Denver, CO, June 15, 1946; children: Charles 
Byron and Nancy Pitkin; law clerk to the Chief Justice of the United 
States, 1946-47; associate, Lewis, Grant, Newton, Davis and Henry (now 
Davis, Graham and Stubbs), 1947-50, partner, 1950-60; Deputy Attorney 
General of the United States, 1961-62; nominated Associate Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the United States by President Kennedy on April 3, 
1962, confirmed by the Senate on April 11, 1962, and sworn in on April 
16, 1962; retired June 28, 1993.




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    HARRY A. BLACKMUN, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States; born in Nashville, IL, November 12, 1908; son of Corwin 
M. and Theo (Reuter) Blackmun; A.B. (summa cum laude), Harvard College, 
1929; LL.B., Harvard Law School, 1932; married to Dorothy E. Clark, June 
21, 1941; children: Nancy Clark (Mrs. John C. Coniaris), Sally Ann (Mrs. 
Michael V. Elsberry), and Susan Manning (Mrs. William H. Brown); 
admitted to the Minnesota bar, 1932; law clerk to the Hon. John B. 
Sanborn, judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, 
1932-33; associate, junior partner and general partner, Dorsey, Colman, 
Barker, Scott and Barber and predecessor firms, Minneapolis, MN, 1934-
50; occasional member of the faculties of St. Paul College of Law (now 
William Mitchell College of Law) and University of Minnesota Law School; 
resident counsel, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Association (now Mayo 
Foundation), and member of the Section of Administration, Mayo Clinic, 
Rochester, MN, 1950-59; nominated by President Eisenhower as judge of 
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, succeeding the Hon. 
John B. Sanborn, August 18, 1959; confirmed September 14, 1959; sworn in 
on November 4, 1959; nominated associate justice by President Nixon 
April 14, 1970, confirmed May 12, 1970; sworn in on June 9, 1970; 
retired August 3, 1994; numerous honorary degrees; member, Judicial 
Conference Advisory Committee on Judicial Activities, 1969-79; 
representative of Judicial Branch, National Historical Publications and 
Records Commission, 1975-82, 1986-present; chairman of Faculty, Salzburg 
Seminar on American Studies (Law), July 1977, and member of the faculty, 
July 1989; participant, Franco-American Colloquium on Human Rights, 
Paris, France, December 1979; co-moderator, Seminar on Justice and 
Society, Aspen Institute, 1979-95, inclusive; Brandeis Medal, presented 
by Brandeis Honor Society, University of Louisville School of Law, 1983; 
University Citation, presented by Rutgers, The State University of New 
Jersey-School of Law/Newark, 1985; The Hebrew University Honorary 
Fellowship, presented at Jerusalem, 1986; Justice Award, presented by 
Justice Lodge of B'nai B'rith, Philadelphia, 1986; Public Service Award, 
presented by the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies, 1987; 
Presidents' Award, presented by American Society of Law and Medicine, 
1987; UCLA Medal, presented by University of California at Los Angeles, 
1989; Distinguished Contributions to Psychology and the Law Award, 
presented by the American Psychology-Law Society, 1990; Brandeis Medal 
for Distinguished Legal Service, presented by Brandeis University, 1990; 
Learned Hand Medal, presented by Federal Bar Council, New York, 1990; 
Award of Merit, presented by The Decalogue Society of Lawyers, Chicago, 
1991; Award, Annual Survey of American Law, New York University School 
of Law, 1991; Laureate of the Lincoln Academy of Illinois, 1991; 
American Liberties Medallion, presented by the American Jewish 
Committee, 1992; Isaac Ray Award, presented by the American Psychiatric 
Association, 1992; co-moderator, Seminar on Constitutional Justice and 
Society, Aspen Institute, Italia, Rome, July 1986; visiting instructor 

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