pd05mr01 Exchange With Reporters During a Tour of Control Concepts Corporation in...

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let the Prime Minister speak for himself. I made the case, like I will 
do to all the leaders with whom I meet, that we need to think 
differently about the post-cold-war era, that there are new threats that 
face people who love freedom.
    There is the threat of an accidental launch of a missile. There are 
the threats of potential blackmail when one of these nations develops 
weapons of mass destruction and be willing to point at America, Britain, 
our allies, our friends, people with whom we've got commitments. And 
we've got to deal with those in a realistic way. And the Prime Minister 
asked a lot of really good questions, and he can answer what you asked, 
Ron.
    But we're in the process of coming up with a realistic way to deal 
with the true threats. It makes a lot of sense to explore options. It 
makes a lot of sense to develop defenses to face the true threats. It 
also makes sense for us to send the message to the world that in the 
post-cold-war era, the United States will handle its responsibilities to 
keep the peace in a constructive way, by reducing our offensive weapons, 
as well. And I'm now talking to the Pentagon to come up with a level of 
nuclear weaponry that will help us keep the peace. As to whether or not 
there will be sites or no sites, that's too early to determine, because 
I have yet to propose to the Prime Minister what will work.
    Prime Minister Blair. First of all, let me say, I understand and 
share the concerns of the President and the American administration 
about weapons of mass destruction and nuclear proliferation. And I think 
it's very important in that context that we discuss all the ways that we 
can deal with this threat, which is a real threat and a present threat, 
both in relation to offensive and defensive systems.
    And I said to the President, and I want to repeat to you, that I 
welcome very much the approach that the administration has taken, which 
is to be very open about this, which is to talk to people about it, to 
make sure that allies are consulted properly. These are very, very big 
and important issues. But we welcome the dialog that there has been on 
it. And I think if you look at the world today and you see those 
countries that are developing weapons of mass destruction, I think it is 
a debate, that it is right to have.
    Q. Can I ask you both about missile defense? Mr. President, can I 
ask you, if you fail to get agreement among your key allies, including 
Britain, are you prepared then to go ahead alone with some form of 
missile defense system? And if I can ask the Prime Minister, are you 
prepared to say in principle now you could back an American missile 
defense system?
    President Bush. I don't think I'm going to fail to persuade people. 
I think it makes--it's commonsensical to say to our friends, let's come 
together, work together, to develop a

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defense against the true threats of the 21st century. And so, I don't 
accept your hypothesis.
    Prime Minister Blair. Well, I'm sure, for my part, that this is a 
debate that is important to have, for the very reasons that the 
President gave earlier. And I think if you look at the weapons of mass 
destruction that people are trying to develop in nuclear proliferation, 
that it's important that we look at every single way we possibly can of 
dealing with this threat.
    Now, as the President said a moment or two ago, we don't have a 
specific proposal on the table yet. But I understand and share the 
American concerns, as I've said many times before. And I think what is 
important is that if we take this forward in a constructive way and have 
the right discussion with allies, then we can find a way through this. 
I've always believed that, incidentally, and I believe that even more 
firmly having talked to the President today.
    President Bush. I'll give you a followup answer.
    I thought it interesting that Mr. Putin talked about missile 
defenses. I know there are some concerns in Europe about Russian 
reaction to the development of defenses that will make the world more 
peaceful. And Mr. Putin has started talking about the need for folks to 
develop--think about developing systems that will intercept missiles on 
launch, for example, theater-based systems that will keep the peace.
    We found that to be a breakthrough of sorts, a recognition that the 
cold war has passed, that we are not Russia's enemy--I don't view Russia 
as our enemy, either--and that there will be new threats that we have to 
deal with. If we are peaceful, loving people, we must use our 
technologies to appropriately deal with the threats that we'll be 
facing. And I thought that was a positive breakthrough.
    Steve Holland [Reuters].

Situation in Iraq

    Q. Yes, sir. Could both of you explain how you keep the Iraqi 
sanctions from crumbling, and how do you explain how the Iraqi sanctions 
could be reconstituted to keep them from--to help ease the strain on the 
Iraqi people?
    President Bush. We spent a lot of time talking about our mutual 
interests in Iraq and the Persian Gulf, and from our perspective, as you 
know, I made the famous statement that our sanctions are like Swiss 
cheese. That means they're not very effective, and we're going to work 
together to figure out a way to make them more effective.
    But I think the Prime Minister and I both recognize that it is going 
to be important for us to build a consensus in the region to make the 
sanctions more effective. Colin Powell left today, after lunch, to move 
around the Middle East, collect thoughts and to listen, with a policy of 
strengthening our mission to make it clear to Saddam Hussein that he 
shall not terrorize his neighbors and not develop weapons of mass 
destruction.
    Prime Minister Blair. Yes, if I can just add to that, I think that--
I mean, of course, we've looked the whole time to see how we can make 
sanctions more effective. But don't be under any doubt at all of our 
absolute determination to make sure that the threat of Saddam Hussein is 
contained and that he is not able to develop these weapons of mass 
destruction that he wishes to do.
    And as I constantly point out to people, I mean, this is a man with 
a record on these issues, both in respect to the murder of thousands of 
his own people, in respect to the war against Iran, in respect to the 
annexation of Kuwait. And we know perfectly well, given the chance, he 
will develop these weapons of mass destruction. Indeed, he's trying to 
do so and will get as much technology as he can to do so.
    Now, of course, we've got to--we're all conscious of the fact that 
our quarrel is not with the Iraqi people, who in many ways suffer under 
the yoke of Saddam Hussein. But--and therefore, it's important that we 
make sure that the sanctions hit him, Saddam, as effectively as they 
possibly can. But we need to contain that threat, and that's why the 
action that we took is right and justified.
    President Bush. BBC guy [Stephen Sackur, BBC], as promised.

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European Rapid-Reaction Force

    Q. Thank you, Mr. President. If I can pick up on what we were 
discussing yesterday, now that you've had a chance to talk to the Prime 
Minister, do you share the concerns of many in your party that the 
European plan for a rapid-reaction military force could seriously 
undermine NATO? And I'd like to hear first your response and then the 
Prime Minister's.
    President Bush. The Prime Minister and I spent a lot of time on this 
subject, as well, and I support his point of view. He assured me that 
NATO is going to be the primary way to keep the peace in Europe and that 
the United States--and I assured him the United States will be actively 
engaged in NATO, remain engaged in Europe with our Allies.
    But he also assured me that the European defense would no way 
undermine NATO. He also assured me that there would be a joint command, 
that planning would take place within NATO, and that should all NATO not 
wish to go on a mission, that would then serve as a catalyst for the 
defense forces moving on their own.
    And finally, I was very hopeful when we discussed the Prime 
Minister's vision that such a vision would encourage our NATO allies and 
friends to bolster their defense budgets, perhaps. And so I support what 
the Prime Minister has laid out. I think it makes a lot of sense for our 
country.
    Prime Minister Blair. Well, I was very grateful for what the 
President had to say on that issue. And the important thing to remember 
is that, as the President has just outlined to you, this is in 
circumstances where NATO as a whole chooses not to be engaged. It is 
limited to the peacekeeping and humanitarian tasks that are set out. It 
is not a standing army. It is a capability that Europe should have, but 
the sovereign decision of each nation is necessary for each operation.
    And speaking together as the founders of NATO, we would never do 
anything to undermine NATO. But where NATO as a whole chooses not to be 
engaged, it is important that we have the capability, where it's right 
and within these limited tasks that I've set out, to be able to act, 
should we choose to do so ourselves.
    And I think, done in that way, it is something that can strengthen 
NATO, give us an additional string to our bow in circumstances where 
NATO doesn't want to be involved. And I think the President is 
absolutely right in a sense to put it up to us in Europe and say, 
``Well, if we are going to do this, then let us make sure that our 
capabilities match our aspirations.'' And I think done in that way it is 
good not just for Europe, but it's good for NATO and the U.S., as well. 
And I think that the discussion we had on it was very useful and very 
constructive.

Bush-Blair Relationship

    Q. How much an obstacle is it to this special relationship you say 
you want to have on behalf of your two countries that you are 
ideologically poles apart? A tax cutter versus a tax raiser; a pro-death 
penalty versus an anti-death penalty; America first versus an 
interventionist--[inaudible]----
    President Bush. [Inaudible]--you shouldn't be slandering in that 
way. [Laughter] He can handle his politics in Britain, and I'll handle 
mine in America. But we've got a lot of common interests. We agree on 
trade. We agree on ways to keep the peace. But most important, both of 
us recognize that this is a special relationship, the relationship 
between America and Britain, and we're going to keep it that way.
    It is--the Prime Minister referred to the great history of the 
relationship between our two countries, and this is a fantastic legacy 
for both of us to inherit. And it's a legacy I take seriously, and it's 
a legacy that I will work hard to protect. I can assure you that when 
either of us get in a bind, there will be a friend on the other end of 
the phone.
    Prime Minister Blair. Well, I endorse that completely. And I think 
it's important to recognize, as well--I mean, you know from the work 
that we do in Europe, as well, there are very strong alliances that can 
be formed with people across so-called ideological divides of that type. 
But I think what is important is that what we have in common, our two 
countries and our interests, are so much more important for us in the 
work that we do.
    And I should say also that I don't think if you look at the problems 
that are on the

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President's agenda, even his domestic agenda now in terms of the 
economy, in terms of some of the things--we actually had a brief 
conversation about education policy when we were on our walk together--I 
think there are some interesting things happening that--there's a good 
dialog on some of these things, too. So I'm sorry to disappoint you.
    President Bush. John [John King, Cable News Network].

China and Iraq

    Q. Mr. President, you spoke yesterday about sending a message to 
China if it is proven that the Chinese Government was helping the Iraqis 
at those missile sites--the air defense sites, excuse me. Mr. Prime 
Minister, I'm interested in what British intelligence tells you about 
any Chinese involvement, and if Chinese involvement is proven, what 
specific steps are each of you prepared to take beyond just publicly 
voicing your displeasure?
    President Bush. If I can answer that first, because we had a little 
bit of news today that the Chinese responded to our inquiry. And you're 
going to have to ask Condi Rice what specifically they said, but if I 
could paraphrase, it was: If this is the case, we'll remedy the 
situation. But we did get a response. As I told you yesterday, that we 
filed a complaint and they responded this morning.
    Q. Do you trust that they will keep their word in that regard?
    President Bush. I think you've always got to begin with trust until 
proven otherwise.
    Mr. Prime Minister, you may want to----
    Prime Minister Blair. I've got nothing to add to that, actually. I 
think that's the sensible approach, and it's the one we took, too.

Clinton Pardons

    Q. Prime Minister, having stood squarely behind President Clinton 
for the last 4 years, through thick and thin, do you feel any 
embarrassment today on his behalf, as his Presidency clearly ended in 
scandal and sleaze?
    Prime Minister Blair. You know, Trevor, as I've said over the last 
few days when I've been asked about this, Bill Clinton is a friend of 
mine and will remain a friend of mine. But I am not getting into what 
has been in the newspapers and media over here. I don't think it's 
appropriate for me; I don't think it's right.
    President Bush. Campbell [Campbell Brown, NBC News].

Northern Ireland Peace Process

    Q. Mr. President, your administration has yet to become actively 
engaged in the peacemaking process, particularly in Northern Ireland. 
Are you planning to become more engaged?
    And Mr. Prime Minister, based on what you've observed so far, do you 
expect that President Bush will be as engaged as President Clinton?
    President Bush. Well, we talked about the peace process and I, like 
I did in the campaign, want to again praise President Clinton for his 
involvement. I asked the Prime Minister, ``Did the President have a 
positive effect?'' He said, ``Absolutely.'' I then asked for him to let 
me know if I could ever help.
    As you know, our position on any peace process, is it takes willing 
parties to come together, and if there is a way that I can help, I'd be 
more than willing to do so. I'm going to wait to be asked by the Prime 
Minister. He's got a better handle on it than I conceivably could as to 
when and if the prestige of the United States is needed to make the 
process work better.
    But we spent a lot of time discussing the issue. The Prime Minister 
deserves a lot of credit, as well, for working hard to bring a peace to 
Northern Ireland. And progress is being made, and we will--I will be 
standing by, anxious to help, if I'm needed.
    Prime Minister Blair. Well, I was very grateful for that offer by 
the President. And it's difficult to perceive the exact circumstances in 
which I might pick up the phone and ask the President to help. But the 
fact that I know he is there and willing to do that is very important, 
because President Clinton was a great assistance during difficult parts 
of the Northern Ireland peace process.
    And it's a very difficult process. I mean, it goes on the whole 
time, and we make progress, day by day, week by week, month by month, 
and there are still some very, very tricky issues to sort out. So I 
can't exactly foresee the circumstances in which the

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American President can come in and be of help, but I was very grateful 
for the offer of that. And I think people in Northern Ireland will be, 
as well, because whatever the difficulties of the process there, my 
goodness, Northern Ireland is a different place today from what it was a 
few years back. And for people to know that there is that interest in 
the outside world, for people in Northern Ireland to know that, it gives 
them tremendous heart and hope.
    Yes.

Bush-Blair Relationship

    Q. A question for both of you. There has been a lot said about how 
different you are as people. Have you already in your talks found 
something maybe that you--some personal interest that you have in 
common, maybe in religion or sport or music?
    President Bush. Well, we both use Colgate toothpaste. [Laughter]
    Prime Minister Blair. They're going to wonder how you know that, 
George. [Laughter]
    Q. I also wanted to ask you--you come up with a lot of nicknames for 
people. I wondered if you already had one for the Prime Minister.
    Prime Minister Blair. Well, I'm getting even embarrassed about all 
the ones I choose in this press conference. [Laughter]
    President Bush. I'm still open for suggestions.
    Well, we like sports. The Prime Minister informed me this morning 
that he exercised at the gym prior to meeting Vice President Cheney. I 
informed him after this press conference, I'm going to go exercise in 
the gym. We've both got great wives. I think probably the place we're 
going to find a lot of common ground is we're both dads, and proudly so, 
and recognize that as our most important responsibility--is to be loving 
dads.

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