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specific opportunities in Russia to further reduce or sequester those
emissions.
President Putin, noting the significant contributions made by the
Russian Federation to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, declares the
intention of the Russian Federation to expand and strengthen the
mutually-beneficial U.S.-Russian cooperation in the area of the fight
against global warming, paying special attention to the activities of
the Joint Russian-American Climate Policy Working Group.
Through these actions, Presidents Clinton and Putin express their
conviction that effective steps can be taken by political leaders, and
by leaders in scientific, business, and other circles, to protect the
planet that we share from the threat of global warming.
Moscow
June 4, 2000
Note: An original was not available for verification of the content of
this joint statement.
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Monday, June 12, 2000
Volume 36--Number 23
Pages 1271-1329
Week Ending Friday, June 9, 2000
Joint Statement Concerning Management and Disposition of Excess Weapon-
Grade Plutonium and Related Cooperation
June 4, 2000
The Presidents of the United States and the Russian Federation
announced today completion of the bilateral Agreement for the management
and disposition of weapon-grade plutonium withdrawn from their
respective nuclear weapon programs and declared excess to defense
purposes. This Agreement will ensure that this plutonium will be changed
into forms unusable for nuclear weapons by consumption as fuel in
nuclear reactors or by immobilization rendering it suitable for geologic
disposal.
Based on the 1998 Summit Joint Statement of Principles for
Management and Disposition of Plutonium, this Agreement charts the
course and sets the conditions for such activities. It reconfirms our
determination to take steps necessary to ensure that it is never again
used for nuclear weapons or any other military purpose and is managed
and disposed in a way that is safe, secure, ecologically sound,
transparent and irreversible. It reaffirms our commitment to nuclear
disarmament.
This Agreement will ensure that the management and disposition
activities are monitored and, thus, transparent for the international
community. It provides for International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
verification once appropriate agreements with the IAEA are concluded.
This Agreement builds on the approaches to such plutonium management
and disposition agreed at the 1996 G-8 Moscow Nuclear Safety and
Security Summit. We reaffirm our intentions to continue to work closely
with other countries, in particular other G-8 leaders, who have provided
strong support over past years for initiation and implementation of
these programs. In this regard, we hope that significant progress will
be made as well at the G-8 Summit this July in Okinawa.
[[Page 1279]]
This Agreement will enable new cooperation to go forward between the
United States and the Russian Federation. We note that the United States
Congress has appropriated 200 million USD for this cooperation and the
U.S. Administration intends to seek additional appropriations.
This Agreement will soon be signed by Vice President Gore and Prime
Minister Kasyanov.
Moscow
June 4, 2000
Note: An original was not available for verification of the content of
this joint statement, which was formally entitled, ``Joint Statement
Concerning Management and Disposition of Weapon-Grade Plutonium
Designated as No Longer Required for Defense Purposes and Related
Cooperation.''
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Monday, June 12, 2000
Volume 36--Number 23
Pages 1271-1329
Week Ending Friday, June 9, 2000
Joint Statement on Principles of Strategic Stability
June 4, 2000
1. The Presidents of the United States of America and the Russian
Federation agree on the need to maintain strategic nuclear stability.
Agreements between them help accomplish this objective.
2. They are dedicated to the cause of strengthening strategic
stability and international security. They agree that capability for
deterrence has been and remains a key aspect of stability and
predictability in the international security environment.
3. The Presidents, welcoming the ratification of START-II Treaty and
related documents by the Russian Federation, look forward to the
completion of the ratification process in the United States.
4. They announce that discussions will intensify on further
reductions in the strategic forces of the United States and Russia
within the framework of a future START-III Treaty, and on ABM issues, in
accordance with the Moscow Statement of 1998 and Cologne Statement of
1999 by the Presidents.
5. They agree on the essential contribution of the ABM Treaty to
reductions in offensive forces, and reaffirm their commitment to that
Treaty as a cornerstone of strategic stability.
6. They agree that the international community faces a dangerous and
growing threat of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their
means of delivery, including missiles and missile technologies, and
stress their desire to reverse that process, including through existing
and possible new international legal mechanisms. They agree that this
new threat represents a potentially significant change in the strategic
situation and international security environment.
7. They agree that this emerging threat to security should be
addressed and resolved through mutual cooperation and mutual respect of
each other's security interests.
8. They recall the existing provision of the ABM Treaty to consider
possible changes in the strategic situation that have a bearing on the
provisions of the Treaty, and, as appropriate, to consider possible
proposals for further increasing the viability of the Treaty.
9. The Presidents reaffirm their commitment to continuing efforts to
strengthen the ABM Treaty and to enhance its viability and effectiveness
in the future, taking into account any changes in the international
security environment.
10. In reinforcing the effectiveness of the ABM Treaty under present
and prospective conditions the United States of America and the Russian
Federation attach great importance to enhancing the viability of the
Treaty through measures to promote greater cooperation, openness, and
trust between the sides.
11. The United States of America and the Russian Federation note the
importance of the consultative process and reaffirm their determination
to continue consultations in the future to promote the objectives and
implementation of the provisions of the ABM Treaty.
12. The key provisions recorded in our agreements and statements,
including at the highest level, create a basis for both countries'
activities regarding strategic arms under present-day conditions.
13. Such an approach creates confidence that the further
strengthening of strategic stability and further reductions in nuclear
forces will be based on a foundation that has been tested over decades
and advances both countries' interests and security.
[[Page 1280]]
14. The Presidents have directed the development of concrete
measures that would allow both sides to take necessary steps to preserve
strategic stability in the face of new threats, and called on their
Ministers and experts to prepare a report for review by the Presidents.
15. They agree that issues of strategic offensive arms cannot be
considered in isolation from issues of strategic defensive arms and vice
versa--an interrelationship that is reflected in the ABM Treaty and aims
to ensure equally the security of the two countries.
16. The United States of America and the Russian Federation intend
to base their activities in the area of strategic offensive and
defensive arms on the principles set forth in this document.
Note: An original was not available for verification of the content of
this joint statement, which was formally entitled, ``Joint Statement by
the Presidents of the United States of America and the Russian
Federation on Principles of Strategic Stability.''
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Monday, June 12, 2000
Volume 36--Number 23
Pages 1271-1329
Week Ending Friday, June 9, 2000
Russia-United States Memorandum of Agreement on Establishment of a Joint
Center for Early Warning Systems Data Exchange and Missile Launch
Notifications
June 4, 2000
The United States of America and the Russian Federation, hereinafter
referred to as the Parties, Guided by the Joint Statement of the
Presidents of the United States of America and the Russian Federation on
the Exchange of Information on Missile Launches and Early Warning of
September 2, 1998,
Taking into account the need to minimize the consequences of a false
missile attack warning and to prevent the possibility of a missile
launch caused by such false warning,
Have agreed as follows:
Article 1
1. In order to set up an uninterrupted exchange of information on
launches of ballistic missiles and space launch vehicles from the early
warning systems of the United States of America and the Russian
Federation, hereinafter, the warning systems of the Parties, as well as
to provide for the possible implementation of a multilateral regime for
the exchange of notifications of launches of ballistic missiles and
space launch vehicles, the Parties shall establish, in Moscow, a joint
center for the exchange of data from early warning systems and
notifications of missile launches, hereinafter, the Joint Data Exchange
Center (JDEC).
2. Each Party shall appoint its representative and deputy
representatives, hereinafter, respectively, the JDEC Heads and Deputy
Heads, who shall have equal rights in managing the activities of the
JDEC.
3. The JDEC Heads shall jointly carry out the daily management of
JDEC activities, and shall be jointly responsible for the performance of
the tasks assigned to the JDEC.
4. Operations of the JDEC shall be jointly carried out by specially
trained operational personnel of the Parties.
Article 2
The JDEC shall provide for the:
a. implementation of an exchange of information on launches of
ballistic missiles and space launch vehicles detected by the warning
systems of the Parties;
b. efficient resolution of possible ambiguous situations related to
information from the warning systems of the Parties;
c. creation of the conditions for the preparation and maintenance of
a unified database for a multilateral regime for the exchange of
notifications of launches of ballistic missiles and space launch
vehicles.
Article 3
1. Information shall be exchanged on the following types of objects
detected by the warning systems of the Parties in accordance with
Appendices 1 and 2 to this Memorandum, which define the types of objects
on which information shall be exchanged and the implementation phases of
the information exchange:
a. all launches of ICBMs and SLBMs of the United States of America
and the Russian Federation;
b. launches of ballistic missiles, that are not ICBMs or SLBMs, of
the United States of America and the Russian Federation;
[[Page 1281]]
c. launches of ballistic missiles of third states that could pose a
direct threat to the Parties or that could create an ambiguous situation
and lead to possible misinterpretation;
d. launches of space launch vehicles.
2. Each Party, at its discretion, in support of the objectives of
this Memorandum or Article 3 of the Agreement on Measures to Reduce the
Risk of Outbreak of Nuclear War Between the United States of America and
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of September 30, 1971, may also
provide information on other launches and objects, including de-orbiting
spacecraft, and geophysical experiments and other work in near-earth
space that are capable of disrupting the normal operation of equipment
of the warning systems of the Parties.
Article 4
1. The sources for obtaining information exchanged pursuant to
paragraph 1 of Article 3 of this Memorandum shall be the equipment of
the space- and ground-based warning systems of the Parties. When
exchanging information, the sources of the data shall not be specified.
2. Each Party shall provide processed launch information in a time
frame that is near real time, if possible.
Article 5
Whenever available, the following information shall be exchanged in
accordance with the formats set forth in Appendix 3 to this Memorandum:
a. when a launch of a ballistic missile is detected--the time of
launch, generic missile class, geographic area of the launch, geographic
area of payload impact, estimated time of payload impact and launch
azimuth;
b. when a launch of a space launch vehicle is detected--the time of
launch, generic missile class, geographic area of the launch and launch
azimuth.
Article 6
The Parties hereby establish a Joint Commission for purposes of
overseeing the activities of the JDEC and coordinating the
implementation of this Memorandum. The regulations of the Joint
Commission are set forth in Appendix 4 to this Memorandum.
Article 7
The Parties shall jointly provide for the:
a. drafting, agreement and updating of documents establishing JDEC
operating procedures, including implementation of JDEC joint duty
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