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108th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 2729
To encourage students to pursue graduate education and to assist
students in affording graduate education.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
July 22, 2004
Mr. Dodd (for himself, Mr. Lautenberg, and Ms. Stabenow) introduced the
following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To encourage students to pursue graduate education and to assist
students in affording graduate education.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Getting Results for Advanced Degrees
Act''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) From 1976 to 2000, graduate enrollment in the United
States increased 39 percent. In the fall of 2000, there were
1,850,000 graduate students enrolled in the United States.
(2) In 2001, 88 percent of graduate students in the United
States were citizens of the United States or resident aliens,
and 12 percent were temporary residents who were foreign or
international students.
(3) In a 2002 borrower's survey, the average debt reported
by graduate students was $45,900.
(4) In 1999-2000, 60 percent of all graduate and first-
professional students, and 82 percent of those enrolled full-
time and full-year, received some type of financial aid,
including grants, loans, assistantships, or work study. The
average amount of aid received by aided full-time, full-year
students was approximately $19,500 per year.
(5) Annual aid in the form of grants to full-time, full-
year recipients was awarded in larger average amounts to
doctoral students ($13,400) than to either master's students
($7,600) or first-professional students ($6,900). First-
professional students took out larger loans on average overall
($20,100), than did their counterparts at the master's level
($14,800) and doctoral level ($14,100).
(6) Median annual earnings in 2000 increased with
educational attainment. There was a substantial earnings
differential from the highest to the lowest levels of
attainment: the median earnings of workers who had a
professional degree were more than 3\1/2\ times those of high
school dropouts.
SEC. 3. JACOB K. JAVITS FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.
(a) Criteria for Awards.--Section 701(a) of the Higher Education
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1134(a)) is amended by striking ``, financial
need,''.
(b) Qualifications of Board.--Section 702(a) of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1134a(a)) is amended by striking
paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
``(1) Appointment.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall appoint a
Jacob K. Javits Fellows Program Fellowship Board
(referred to in this subpart as the `Board') consisting
of 9 individuals representative of both public and
private institutions of higher education who are
especially qualified to serve on the Board.
``(B) Qualifications.--In making appointments under
subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall--
``(i) give due consideration to the
appointment of individuals who are highly
respected in the academic community;
``(ii) assure that individuals appointed to
the Board are broadly representative of a range
of disciplines in graduate education in arts,
humanities, and social sciences;
``(iii) appoint members to represent the
various geographic regions of the United
States; and
``(iv) include representatives from
minority serving institutions.''.
(c) Amount of Stipends.--Section 703(a) of the Higher Education Act
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1134b(a)) is amended by striking ``graduate
fellowships,'' and all that follows through the period and inserting
``Graduate Research Fellowship Program.''.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 705 of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1134d) is amended by striking
``$30,000,000 for fiscal year 1999'' and inserting ``$35,000,000 for
fiscal year 2005''.
SEC. 4. GRADUATE ASSISTANCE IN AREAS OF NATIONAL NEED.
(a) Application Contents.--Section 713(b)(5) of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1135b(b)(5)) is amended--
(1) by striking subparagraph (A); and
(2) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as
subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively.
(b) Amount of Stipends.--Section 714(b) of the Higher Education Act
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1135c(b)) is amended by striking ``graduate
fellowships,'' and all that follows through the period and inserting
``Graduate Research Fellowship Program.''.
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 716 of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1135e) is amended by striking
``$35,000,000 for fiscal year 1999'' and inserting ``$50,000,000 for
fiscal year 2005''.
(d) Technical Amendments.--Section 714(c) of the Higher Education
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1135c(c)) is amended--
(1) by striking ``716(a)'' and inserting ``715(a)''; and
(2) by striking ``714(b)(2)'' and inserting ``713(b)(2)''.
SEC. 5. PATSY T. MINK FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.
Part A of title VII of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
1134 et seq.) is amended--
(1) by redesignating subpart 4 as subpart 5;
(2) by redesignating section 731 as section 741;
(3) in section 741 (as redesignated by paragraph (2))--
(A) in the section heading, by striking ``and 3.''
and inserting ``3, and 4.'';
(B) in subsection (a), by striking ``and 3'' and
inserting ``3, and 4'';
(C) in subsection (b), by striking ``and 3'' and
inserting ``3, and 4''; and
(D) in subsection (d), by striking ``or 3'' and
inserting ``3, or 4''; and
(4) by inserting after subpart 3 the following:
``Subpart 4--Patsy T. Mink Fellowship Program
``SEC. 731. PURPOSE AND DESIGNATION.
``(a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subpart to provide,
through eligible institutions, a program of fellowship awards to assist
highly qualified minorities and women to acquire the doctoral degree,
or highest possible degree available, in academic areas in which such
individuals are underrepresented for the purpose of enabling such
individuals to enter the higher education professoriate.
``(b) Designation.--Each recipient of a fellowship award from an
eligible institution receiving a grant under this subpart shall be
known as a `Patsy T. Mink Graduate Fellow'.
``SEC. 732. DEFINITION OF ELIGIBLE INSTITUTION.
``In this subpart, the term `eligible institution' means an
institution of higher education, or a consortium of such institutions,
that offers a program of postbaccalaureate study leading to a graduate
degree.
``SEC. 733. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.
``(a) Grants by Secretary.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants to
eligible institutions to enable such institutions to make
fellowship awards to individuals in accordance with the
provisions of this subpart.
``(2) Priority consideration.--In awarding grants under
this subpart, the Secretary shall consider the eligible
institution's prior experience in producing doctoral degree, or
highest possible degree available, holders who are minorities
and women, and shall give priority consideration in making
grants under this subpart to those eligible institutions with a
demonstrated record of producing minorities and women who have
earned such degrees.
``(b) Applications.--
``(1) In general.--An eligible institution that desires a
grant under this subpart shall submit an application to the
Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such
information as the Secretary may require.
``(2) Applications made on behalf.--
``(A) In general.--The following entities may
submit an application on behalf of an eligible
institution:
``(i) A graduate school or department of
such institution.
``(ii) A graduate school or department of
such institution in collaboration with an
undergraduate college or university of such
institution.
``(iii) An organizational unit within such
institution that offers a program of
postbaccalaureate study leading to a graduate
degree, including an interdisciplinary or an
interdepartmental program.
``(iv) A nonprofit organization with a
demonstrated record of helping minorities and
women earn postbaccalaureate degrees.
``(B) Nonprofit organizations.--Nothing in this
paragraph shall be construed to permit the Secretary to
award a grant under this subpart to an entity other
than an eligible institution.
``(c) Selection of Applications.--In awarding grants under
subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
``(1) take into account--
``(A) the number and distribution of minority and
female faculty nationally;
``(B) the current and projected need for highly
trained individuals in all areas of the higher
education professoriate; and
``(C) the present and projected need for highly
trained individuals in academic career fields in which
minorities and women are underrepresented in the higher
education professoriate; and
``(2) consider the need to prepare a large number of
minorities and women generally in academic career fields of
high national priority, especially in areas in which such
individuals are traditionally underrepresented in college and
university faculties.
``(d) Distribution and Amounts of Grants.--
``(1) Equitable distribution.--In awarding grants under
this subpart, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent
feasible, ensure an equitable geographic distribution of awards
and an equitable distribution among public and independent
eligible institutions that apply for grants under this subpart
and that demonstrate an ability to achieve the purpose of this
subpart.
``(2) Special rule.--To the maximum extent practicable, the
Secretary shall use not less than 50 percent of the amount
appropriated pursuant to section 736 to award grants to
eligible institutions that--
``(A) are eligible for assistance under title III
or title V; or
``(B) have formed a consortium that includes both
non-minority serving institutions and minority serving
institutions.
``(3) Allocation.--In awarding grants under this subpart,
the Secretary shall allocate appropriate funds to those
eligible institutions whose applications indicate an ability to
significantly increase the numbers of minorities and women
entering the higher education professoriate and that
commit institutional resources to the attainment of the purpose of this
subpart.
``(4) Number of fellowship awards.--An eligible institution
that receives a grant under this subpart shall make not less
than 15 fellowship awards.
``(5) Reallotment.--If the Secretary determines that an
eligible institution awarded a grant under this subpart is
unable to use all of the grant funds awarded to the
institution, the Secretary shall reallot, on such date during
each fiscal year as the Secretary may fix, the unused funds to
other eligible institutions that demonstrate that such
institutions can use any reallocated grant funds to make
fellowship awards to individuals under this subpart.
``(e) Institutional Allowance.--
``(1) In general.--
``(A) Number of allowances.--In awarding grants
under this subpart, the Secretary shall pay to each
eligible institution awarded a grant, for each
individual awarded a fellowship by such institution
under this subpart, an institutional allowance.
``(B) Amount.--Except as provided in paragraph (3),
an institutional allowance shall be in an amount equal
to, for academic year 2005-2006 and succeeding academic
years, the amount of institutional allowance made to an
institution of higher education under section 715 for
such academic year.
``(2) Use of funds.--Institutional allowances may be
expended in the discretion of the eligible institution and may
be used to provide, except as prohibited under paragraph (4),
academic support and career transition services for individuals
awarded fellowships by such institution.
``(3) Reduction.--The institutional allowance paid under
paragraph (1) shall be reduced by the amount the eligible
institution charges and collects from a fellowship recipient
for tuition and other expenses as part of the recipient's
instructional program.
``(4) Use for overhead prohibited.--Funds made available
under this subpart may not be used for general operational
overhead of the academic department or institution receiving
funds under this subpart.
``SEC. 734. FELLOWSHIP RECIPIENTS.
``(a) Authorization.--An eligible institution that receives a grant
under this subpart shall use the grant funds to make fellowship awards
to minorities and women who are enrolled at such institution in a
doctoral degree, or highest possible degree available, program and--
``(1) intend to pursue a career in instruction at--
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